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  • Victims Explain Why Igbo Apprenticeship System is Failing

    Victims Explain Why Igbo Apprenticeship System is Failing

    Jude Eze looks frail. At his Orhom Orba village in Udenu LGA of Enugu State, Jude appears to be living in anguish of wasted years of apprenticeship in Cotonou, Benin Republic. He claims that his dream of becoming a self-made man before the age of 30 is now a mirage.

    “I am 44,” he begins his story, with his pale hands shaking. “I served my master for nine years, from 2002. Two months to the end of my apprenticeship, my boss, Emeka Eze, took away the capital and gains in my shop to import motorcycle tubes and tyres from China. The goods turned out to be fake. That was how that business collapsed.”

    Jude said his master explained to him the misfortune that befell his business. “I forgive him,” he says. “What would I have done? I returned home to learn carpentry, which is what I do now. I feel my master didn’t plan well.”

    Ernest Nwabueze lives in Enugu. His apprenticeship foray took him to Gombe where he learnt selling of clothes. Ernest served his master for seven years, then the unfortunate happened. “My master claimed he was swindled by some dubious importers,” he says. “His business collapsed. We wrote an agreement before the commencement of the apprenticeship. Considering what happened, I forgave him.” Ernest is currently doing menial jobs to sustain his young family.

    He raises a pertinent issue: “My master wanted to even sell some of his assets to settle me, but his family members refused. I see cheating because I generated money which he invested. He could have settled me, no matter the sum, from there.”

    Ernest advises the youth to learn skilled apprenticeship instead of buying and selling. “If an apprentice learns welding or mechanics, he can use the knowledge to sustain himself even if his master decides not to settle him. Trading involves capital.”

    Chukwuebuka Odo, residing at Iwollo in Ezeagu LGA of Enugu State, quit secondary education for apprenticeship. “As the first son in my family,” he gives reasons, “I chose to undergo apprenticeship in Lagos for ten years. Towards the end, my master claimed he had no money to settle me because he had issues with his wife. I looked at all these, and decided to take my destiny into hands. I stayed in Lagos briefly. Someone gave me some money which I used to transport myself back home. I returned with nothing.”

    One of the shortcomings of the once-thriving Igbo apprenticeship system, according to him, is that some masters take their apprentices for granted. “There should be established plans to settle apprentices; not in the dying minutes. I recall some of my colleagues that were frustrated for minor reasons, such as drinking beer, having girlfriends.”

    My Friend Died Mysteriously Doing Apprenticeship – Youth

    Chizoba, 25, is from Umachi in Igboeze South LGA. “I’ll never do it,” he states. He claims the mysterious death of two brothers undergoing apprenticeship informed his stance. “They were killed overseas. One has been buried; the younger one is yet to be buried. Some masters assign dangerous roles to their apprentices. No one knows why two brothers should die. They were shot differently. I will remain in my Okada business.”

    The fear expressed by Chizoba is shared by Mrs Juliana Odo, from Ezimo. “I can’t entrust my child upon anyone. There are many stories of disappearance, deaths and failure to settle these apprentices.” 

    Some Masters Are ‘Occultic’ – Patent Medicine Dealer

    Cajethan Nnadi is a veteran patent medicine dealer. “At least, ten apprentices have passed through me,” Nnadi hints. “Four of them today run their respective pharmaceutical companies. Some masters belong to cults. I won’t belong to any cult to evade settling my apprentice. I would rather inform the person to learn and be settled by his people. But if such a person agrees to serve me for the stipulated time and conducts himself ethically, I will never disappoint him.”

    Nnadi, however, alleges that some apprentices are thieves. “Some apprentices have stealing traits,” says Nnadi. “No matter what, they will steal from their masters. Some build houses. In that case, don’t blame the masters for sacking them.”

    Swearing An Oath A Solution!

    Oliver Eze owns a thriving building materials company at 9th Mile, Udi LGA of Enugu State. “I normally assign a shop to each at a stage of the apprenticeship. I don’t expect them to be hungry nor not dress well. But they are forbidden to steal my money or embark on capital projects while under me. They swear an oath. Faithful ones receive my blessings, and they always do well. There is joy in making apprentices great.”

    Igbo Boys Shun Apprenticeship For ‘Yahoo Yahoo’ – Welder

    Onwuka Eze, a welder, seems fulfilled doing his job along Enugu-Makurdi expressway. Asked the cause of the disinterestedness among Igbo youths to go into apprenticeship, Onwuka snaps, “Yahoo yahoo! They don’t want to learn skills even if you make it free. Some complain about settlement. But let them learn first. They will be looking at the incomes of their masters. I advise our youth to be patient because skills give cool money.”

    Benjamin Ugwu, fashion and designer at Nsukka, shares the same opinion, “Young boys don’t want to learn skills,” he affirms. “Yahoo-yahoo is trending everywhere. How sustainable, I don’t know! When they see their age mates below 20 making millions of naira, they feel apprenticeship is a waste of time.”

    On refusal of some masters to settle their apprentices, Ugwu asserts, “I can’t generalise. If the person is calm and follow the ethics of the learning, I believe most masters will happily settle their apprentices. Writing an agreement should be done.”

    The Scheme Can Be Revived – Nnadi

    Uchenna Nnadi, director general of Nsukka Chamber of Commerce, Industries, Mines and Agriculture, agrees that the Igbo Apprenticeship System (IAS) is a means of transmitting and creating wealth. He traces its origin to 2000 BC during the era of iron ore smelting work at Leja in Nsukka LGA. He also agrees that it was the weapon that re-launched the economy of Ndigbo after the Biafran war.

    “The scheme is both an incubator and venture capital for MSMEs,” he states. “It is a self-contained system with little or no external support, including government recognition. Yet it has produced globally notable ambassadors. Despite the enormous strengths and opportunities inherent in IAS, there are also challenges based on the fact that it thrives on the informal sector.”

    Government neither regulates nor funds it, he says, adding that the implications include poor research and development on IAS, as well as lack of public laws and rules guiding IAS. “It is neither recognised nor integrated with Nigeria’s formal educational system,” he says. “This often leads to the master not settling the apprentice and/or the apprentice stealing the master’s money with no satisfactory arbitration system for both parties. Some masters had taken to initiating themselves and their apprentices into cults. The above challenges have made many masters rather seek sales girls and boys other than apprentices.”

    To make it functional, Nnadi suggests Igbo town unions engaging Southeast stakeholders, such as South-East Chamber of Commerce, the academia, traders’ associations, lawmakers and government, to begin to create formal rules for Igbo Apprenticeship System. “If it is integrated into the mainstream educational system, Southeast governors should anchor fiscal incentivization of Igbo Apprenticeship System,” he added.

    Nze Kanayo Chukwumezie is the founder of Maka Odimma Igbo, which is championing the revival of the Igbo apprenticeship system. “This scheme is responsible for what Igboland is today,” he narrates. “Knowing that Igbos were reduced to £20 each after the civil war irrespective of the amount you have in the bank, any system that contributed to this phantom leap is worth promoting. It is the apprenticeship scheme that did that magic.”

    He regretted the abuses that have killed the scheme. “Some masters frame up accusations against their apprentices, especially towards the end of their apprenticeship to evade settling them,” says Kanayo. “Also some apprentices milk their Oga till they are caught. There was one apprentice building a duplex in his village while still serving.”

    He explains that his group has pushed for the formalisation of the system: “Its formalization as advocated by my group is to checkmate such abuses in line with global best practices. We advocate a central system where every apprenticeship contract shall be registered from towns to regions with clear terms. Because incomes can stop coming, we want the masters to deposit a certain amount into a consolidated account that can only be released to the apprentice at the end of the scheme. If there be any misconduct by the apprentice, the master shall report it immediately to the body for action.

    “We also want to introduce this scheme in our schools to enable our youths that cannot calculate or read and write to take classes in English and maths, even if evening or weekend classes. We plan to have a central certificate issuance system for all people that successfully complete the scheme with the master as one of the signatories with the central and regional heads.”

    He recalls with joy that the apprenticeship scheme has drawn the attention of Harvard Business School which adapted it as a vibrant business model in 2021.  “It is therefore today acknowledged as the world’s best business model. We the owners should take it to a higher level,” he canvasses

    There Should Be Legislation To Make It Binding – Lawyer

    Barr Ken Ike is a constitutional lawyer. He admits that most times, the terms and conditions for the scheme are not secured by a written agreement.

    “Due to the verbal nature of the terms and conditions, any mishap to the master will exonerate him from the responsibility assumed upon taking up the young adult,” Barr Ike states. “There are also incidences of abuse of the young adult either by his master or someone who was expected to coach the young adult. The young adults may suffer undue peer influence which could lead them astray, especially when the master is not prudent or meticulous.”

    He proffers the solutions. “There has to be a formal agreement to guide and protect the interest of the parties. The government should intervene by raising the bar of protection available to the young adults by providing the minimum age for entry and security for their entitlement upon completion. If concerted efforts are made to make the terms and conditions for the scheme more transparent and secure, it will serve a very useful purpose in the empowerment of young adults, not only in Igbo land, but it will enhance the country’s gross domestic product.”

    This report was published with the support of Civic Media Lab.

  • How Kwara Poly Top Official Diverted Millions of Naira in Students’ Funds to Personal Accounts

    How Kwara Poly Top Official Diverted Millions of Naira in Students’ Funds to Personal Accounts

    Between April and June 2024, financial records obtained by The Informant247 reveal that the Director of Students Affairs at Kwara State Polytechnic, Mr. Aremu Abubakar Garba, diverted over N10 million in students’ funds into several personal accounts.

    These funds, originally paid by students as part of their tuition fees into the Student Union Account for development projects, were transferred in multiple tranches to Mr. Aremu’s accounts with UBA, FCMB and OPAY.

    The financial records obtained and analysed by The Informant247 showed that Mr. Aremu, a principal signatory to the Student Union’s account with Access Bank, diverted these funds in seven separate transactions over a period of three months.

    On 15 April 2024, N2,000,000 was transferred to his FCMB account, leaving the union account with N11,698,723.77. Just days later, on 24 April 2024, another N2,000,000 was sent to the same account, bringing the total for April to N4,000,000.

    In the following month, on 16 May 2024, N500,000 was transferred to his FCMB account, which is the only verified transaction for that month.

    On 3 June 2024, a first transaction of N500,000 was made to his FCMB account. On the same day, an additional N4,705,000 was transferred to the same account. Four days later, on 7 June 2024, the sum of N480,000 was moved to his UBA account, again in the name of Aremu Abubakar Garba. Finally, on 19 June 2024, N100,000 was deposited into his OPAY account, a fintech digital service bank.

    By the end of June 2024, Mr. Aremu, who is a top ally of the institution’s Rector and appointed in February 2024, had diverted a total of N10,285,000 to various personal accounts, merely five months into his appointment.

    Staff, students’ complaints, petitions ignored

    A few months after Mr. Aremu’s appointment, several staff and students started raising concerns about his alleged misconduct. Despite multiple complaints, their grievances were largely ignored by the Rector who sources said is privy to and approved most of his actions.

    Sources told The Informant247 that the Student Union was supposed to invest in developmental projects using these funds. However, most of these projects were left undone and the funds diverted.

    “This is how it works: If the Union, through the school, rakes in N50 million for this session, they must execute projects totaling that amount. These projects will be supervised by the school through the Director of Students Affairs, which is why he is also a signatory to their account,” a staff member, who wished to remain anonymous, told The Informant247. “It’s unfortunate that the very person who should guide them is the one conniving with them to move the funds to personal accounts.”

    The Informant247’s further interviews with six students from three different departments showed that the students were at the receiving end of these illegal transactions between the former Student Union officials and Mr. Aremu.

    “One of the intended projects was the distribution of souvenirs, including books, to students. However, the last distribution was different. Many students, including myself and several of my friends, didn’t receive anything,” a student, who requested anonymity for fear of retribution, shared with The Informant247.

    Another student remarked, “What have they done with the funds they received? They forced us to pay these fees, which are increased annually. There’s no accountability. Last time, they claimed they constructed the student park but what they did was merely flooring. It’s really pathetic.”

    However, on 17 July 2024, Mashood Ibrahim, a student, submitted a formal letter to the Rector detailing suspicious financial transactions involving Mr. Aremu and Student Union officials.

    The letter sighted by The Informant247 alleged that Mr. Aremu illegally received N2,000,000 on 15 June and another N2,000,000 on 24 June from the students’ account. Independent checks by The Informant247, however, did not corroborate this claim.

    “These transactions breach ethical standards and violate financial regulations governing Student Union activities,” the letter stated.

    It further alleged that Mr. Aremu colluded with the Student Union executives, particularly the President and Treasurer, in diverting funds intended for student projects. Notably, N5,000,000 earmarked for souvenirs was reportedly mismanaged.

    “I respectfully request that the Polytechnic administration conduct a thorough investigation into these illegal financial transactions and take appropriate disciplinary action against those involved. Stricter oversight and accountability measures are also necessary to prevent future incidents,” the letter concluded.

    Nearly four months after the petition was submitted and despite several other complaints, The Informant247 reliably gathered that no action has been taken to address the alleged corrupt practices. Sources revealed that Mr. Aremu has claimed immunity from prosecution.

    “He still boasts that he can do as he pleases. He told us that complaints from students and staff regarding his financial misappropriation will go unaddressed. He belongs to the Rector’s caucus, and, Yes, they are untouchable,” one source familiar with events at the institution told The Informant247.

    Forget your evidences; I have Rector’s approval,’ Indicted Director boasts

    When The Informant247 visited Mr. Aremu in his office and confronted him with our findings, he vehemently denied receiving any funds from the Student Union account into his personal accounts.

    The Director, Aremu GarbaThe Director, Aremu Garba

    When further informed that there were verified financial records showing he received the money, he told The Informant247 to “forget about the evidence”.

    When probed further on what the funds were meant for, he again insisted that he never received any students’ money in his personal accounts.

    He sharply added that “whatever was done was with the knowledge and approval of the Rector (Dr. Abdul Jimoh), and Student officials”.

    Money paid into students’ account for projects

    A visibly shaking Mr. Aremu further furthered that funds in the Student Union account, to which he and two other student executives are signatories, can be accounted for.

    He subsequently admitted that some funds were transferred into some students’ personal accounts during the renovation of the school’s car park.

    “We got approval to renovate the school park. And we all agreed to do it on direct labour. When you are doing a project on a direct labour basis, you have to keep some money with you for the purposes you want to use it for. We domiciled some funds in students’ accounts. Forget about personal or no personal account; we are using the money for a particular purpose,” he said, adding that the school park was renovated with N6 million.

    “With the work we did at that park, the money expended should have been more than that, but because it was direct labour, we were able to manage the money,” he told The Informant247, while showing some documents containing financial calculations and signatures. When asked if we could take pictures or record the documents for independent verification and assessment, he declined.

    Further checks by The Informant247 confirmed that in April, the sum of N2,000,000 was transferred to one Isaac Olamilekan, a then Student Union official. On the same day, another N200,000 was transferred to his account. Additionally, the sum of N5,000,000 was transferred to one Hammed Damola Olugbode among several other personal accounts.

    When contacted, the former SUG president, accused of assisting Mr. Aremu to divert the funds, declined to comment.

    “You can reach out to the school for clarification. I’m no longer the president or a student,” he said and did not respond further when questioned about his personal involvement.

    ‘We haven’t seen something like this before’

    After responding to several questions posed to him, Mr. Aremu told our team that officials of the Polytechnic have never experienced the kind of investigations being done by The Informant247 before.

    “This has never happened in the history of Kwara Poly before, whereby you receive money or execute a project, and the next thing, you are being investigated. I can say that from my 35 years of experience in this school,” he said, with deep concern written all over his face.

    He further accused The Informant247 of obtaining institutional records through illegal means.

    Kwara Poly: A haven of corruption

    Earlier this year, The Informant247 reported how the Rector, Engr. Abdul Jimoh Muhammed, made false claims about the institution’s financial status and likewise how he commissioned shoddy and unfinished projects despite millions released for the projects.

    The Director, Aremu Garba

    Earlier, the state government said it uncovered massive corruption involving staff of the Polytechnic. However, it did not take any further steps to prosecute the staff implicated in the alleged corrupt practices.

    In 2022, the state government again accused the Polytechnic Rector of making illegal and backdoor staff recruitment. This practice, it warned, would attract sanctions from the government. Yet, nothing was eventually done afterward.

    ‘Director still under investigation’: Management

    When contacted for comment, the institution’s spokesperson, Halima Garba, confirmed that a petition was submitted to the school management regarding the alleged misconduct of the Director.

    She said, “I just received confirmation from the Rector. He is aware of the situation and said the case has been referred to the staff disciplinary committee, which is currently working on it. Since it is an allegation, we can’t take a position on it just yet.”

    THIS REPORT WAS PUBLISHED WITH SUPPORT AND FUNDING FROM CIVIC MEDIA LAB

  • Sacked PWD Teachers in Osun Endure Economic Hardship, Mental Strain

    Sacked PWD Teachers in Osun Endure Economic Hardship, Mental Strain

    By Boluwatife Adedokun

    When Adewale Rofiat Mayowa, a Blind mother of three, was employed by the Osun State Government to teach at the School for Special Needs in Osogbo in 2022, her joy knew no bounds. 

    The 35-year-old mother of 3 from Osogbo had long anticipated this moment; the chance to contribute to the education of children with disabilities while securing a livelihood for her young family. 

    But that joy was painfully short-lived. With the inauguration of Governor Ademola Adeleke came a sweeping decision that changed everything. All employed teachers, including Rofiat, were dismissed in one fell swoop, their dreams crushed overnight.

    “I had waited for this opportunity for so long,” Rofiat said softly, her voice heavy with the weight of disappointment. “But it didn’t last. We were sacked because the immediate past administration of Gov Gboyega Oyetola employed us. No one considered what this would do to our lives.”

    Her voice faltered as she described the impact of that decision. Despite her blindness, she had tirelessly worked alongside her colleagues. For five long months, she taught without receiving a fee, as the promise Governor Oyetola made to the 61 staff members, including her, never materialized into payroll inclusion. “I was just managing myself,” she recalled. “My husband had to foot most of the expenses.”

    Rofiat’s dismissal has had devastating consequences on her. Her small business, which sells provisions, was already struggling, and the little she earned from it had been funneled into transportation to the school and other family expenses. “Our being sacked affected my business too. I always used money from my business to make ends meet,” she explains.

    Her voice grew quieter as she spoke of her husband. “We manage the petty business I run, but it’s tough. He’s dealing with house issues; our rent has expired, and we don’t know where the next money will come from.”

    According to her, what she desires most now, is for Governor Adeleke to intervene, especially in the payment of the arrears they are owed.

    “I hope the governor hears us. We worked, we gave our best, and we deserve to be treated better.”

    The Genesis 

    A day after his inauguration as Osun State Governor, Ademola Adeleke issued six Executive Orders, one of which nullified the employment of all workers hired by his predecessor, Gboyega Oyetola, after he lost his re-election.

    Among those affected were 61 persons with disabilities (PWD), who were part of the sacked teachers. The group has since raised concerns, alleging threats to their lives over their protests.

    According to a statement by Adeleke’s spokesperson, Olawale Rasheed, the Executive Orders addressed various issues, including chieftaincy matters, appointments, the establishment of a review panel, staff audits, and employment decisions.

    However, Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) in Osun State have voiced concerns in different reports over their exclusion from governance, calling on Governor Ademola Adeleke to prioritize their inclusion and improve the well-being of vulnerable groups in the state.

    A few months after the dismissal of 1,500 teachers by Osun State Governor Ademola Adeleke late last year, reports emerged that four of the affected teachers had died, allegedly due to depression.

    Non-implementation of disability laws 

    Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) in Nigeria face significant challenges, including societal stigma, limited access to education, healthcare, and employment, as well as poor infrastructure that does not accommodate their needs.

    In 2019, Nigeria made a significant step by enacting the Discrimination Against Persons with Disabilities (Prohibition) Act, which aims to improve the welfare of PWDs by outlawing discrimination and providing a framework for the inclusion of PWDs in various sectors. However, despite the law’s existence, the implementation has been slow and inadequate, leaving millions of PWDs underserved, especially in rural areas.

    In Osun State, PWDs face similar barriers. Despite advocacy efforts, meaningful inclusion in governance, education, and employment remains limited. 

    The Osun State Disability Bill, which was passed to promote the rights of PWDs, has not been fully implemented, and the lack of political will has left many PWDs without the support they need. 

    Jobless and Hopeless 

    Mr. Ayeola Kamarudeen’s life took a dark turn after his dismissal from the Osogbo School for Special People, Powerline. 

    As a trained teacher, his journey had begun with despair. “I’ve been jobless and unhappy since I graduated 6 years ago, he lamented.

    Despite his dedication, Ayeola’s efforts to secure a permanent position failed. “All my efforts to make my teaching profession permanent has proved abortive,” he explained. 

    His frustration deepened when Governor Oyetola did not offer him a permanent role, and his attempt to reapply under Governor Adeleke yielded no results.

    Left without a job, Ayeola faced the harsh reality of trying to feed his two children. “Feeding them has been hard,” he admitted. “A friend often assists financially when I’m stranded.” His children attended a public primary school, but it wasn’t the life he had envisioned for them. 

    From Hope to Despair

    Omokanye Abiodun Olakunle, from Okuku, Odo-Otin LGA, recalled how his joy turned to despair after being sacked from his teaching job at the School for Special Needs, Ikirun. “When I received the appointment letter from Governor Oyetola, I was very happy and hoped to start a new chapter in my life,” he recounted.

    An image of the inclusive school in Ikirun

    That hope quickly dissolved when Governor Adeleke came into power and annulled their appointments.

    Omokanye found himself returning to hard labor just to survive. He began working as a security guard, earning a meagre amount of N15,000 monthly. “The security work is just managing me,” he said with resignation. 

    He clung to the hope that one day the government would reappoint him, but until then, survival meant enduring this meagre income.

    For Omokanye, his experience during the recruitment process as a Deaf person was particularly painful. “I was called for an interview, but there was no sign language interpreter,” he recalled. Being Deaf, he had no way to effectively communicate, leading to yet another missed opportunity. “I wanted the government to provide interpreters during interviews,” he said.

    Despite this, he remained vocal about the need for better treatment of people with disabilities. He urged the government to provide employment, empowerment, and financial assistance for those like him, who had been sidelined and neglected.

    Mr Omokanaye Abiodun Olakunle

    Babawale Simeon Obasanjo, a 36-year-old from Ejigbo LGA, had only worked at the Primary School for the Handicapped for three months before Governor Adeleke’s administration sacked him. “I wasn’t paid for the three months I worked before being dismissed,” he said. Left with no source of income, Babawale turned to farming just to get by.

    “I had to manage by farming and doing manual labor to care for myself and my family,” Babawale shared.

    Despite graduating from the University of Ilorin in August 2024, his dreams of a brighter future had crumbled under the weight of unemployment. “Life wasn’t easy; I depended on myself, working hard from secondary school to university, but without enough support.”

    Denied Opportunities 

    Babawale, who also served as the Chairman of the Osun State Association of the Deaf, Osun Chapter was particularly heartbroken by the systemic challenges faced by people with disabilities.

    Babawale believed the government needed to address these disparities by providing not just teaching jobs but also other forms of employment for people with disabilities. “We need empowerment programs and financial assistance,” he urged, calling for better inclusion in the workforce.

    One of the affected teachers in Osogbo, who requested to be anonymous, also spoke about the financial strain they faced after being sacked. “I didn’t get a job immediately after the dismissal, so I started making bags to survive,” they explained. But even that small business was barely enough to get by, especially after spending money on transportation for work that never materialized.

    Now working at a private school, she shared the deep frustration of trying to rebuild their life after losing a stable job. “I felt stuck, unhappy, and unsure of the future,” they admitted, a sentiment echoed by many of their peers.

    Cry for Equality and Support

    For Mr. Ayeola, Omokanye, Babawale, and others like them, the government’s failure to provide permanent employment has left them grappling with a bleak future. 

    Omokanye’s call for greater inclusion during recruitment processes and other members of the Deaf community. 

    They have been denied equal opportunities simply because the necessary support, such as interpreters, was not provided. “The government must do better for people with disabilities,” Omokanye insisted.

    Their plea for fairness is not just about employment but about being treated with dignity. “We deserve empowerment, training programs, and financial support,” Babawale added. For him, and others with disabilities, employment should be more than just a chance at survival, it should be an opportunity to thrive.

    Expert Calls for Transparent Recruitment and Skill Enhancement for PWDs

    Yinka Olaito, Executive Director of the Centre for Disability and Inclusion Africa, provided an expert perspective on the dismissal of Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) in Osun State, emphasizing the need for transparency and fairness in recruitment processes.

    “I have done my findings and discovered that many of those who were sacked did not meet the basic qualifications for the positions they held. Several of them did not pass the entrance exam,” Olaito explained.

    While acknowledging the importance of providing reasonable accommodations for PWDs, Olaito stressed that excellence should remain the standard for employment. “If the recruitment process did not make reasonable accommodations for them to pass the exam, then there should be a new, transparent process that can improve their chances. But if the process was not flawed, I believe they should focus on enhancing their personal efficiency.”

    He added that organizations like his are ready to support such efforts, noting, “Everyone should be offered opportunities based on their capacity to deliver.”

    Osun PWD Chairman Reacts

    While reacting to the dismissal of teachers with disabilities by the Osun State government, Stephen Oluwafemi, the state chairman of the Joint National Association of Persons with Disabilities (JONAPWD), called on the government to prioritize the employment of persons with disabilities in the state.

    Oluwafemi expressed concern over the situation, noting that people with disabilities face unique challenges in securing jobs. “We want the governor to not only consider reinstating the sacked teachers but also create more job opportunities for persons with disabilities beyond teaching,” he said. “Other states around us have job quotas for persons with disabilities, and we want the same in Osun. Any job that our people are qualified for should be provided, according to their skills and qualifications.”

    He further urged the government to uphold the rights of persons with disabilities, ensuring they have access to gainful employment to improve their quality of life.

    Lawmaker Reacts

    In an interview with BONews, Hon Adewumi Adeyemi, the legislator representing Obokun Constituency at the Osun State House of Assembly, expressed his commitment to creating employment opportunities for Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) through the Disability Act that he had proposed. 

    He also explained the reasons behind the recent dismissal of teachers, including 61 PWDs.

    Adewumi noted that the governor sacked the teachers to ensure a proper recruitment process. “The governor is considerate and lenient. He only sacked the teachers, including the 61 PWDs, to ensure due recruitment processes are followed. The recruitment is ongoing, and anyone qualified will be selected,” he said.

    Addressing the Disability Act, which is now law in Osun State, Adewumi explained that it prohibits discrimination against PWDs and mandates a quota for them during government hiring. “This ensures equity, so no one is excluded simply because they live with a disability,” he added.

    The law also criminalizes dismissing employees based on disability and provides guidelines to retain workers who become disabled while on the job. “It’s about ensuring that those who can vote and contribute should also benefit from government programs,” Adeyemi emphasized.

  • Ticket Racketeering by Nigerian Railway Officials and Security Personnel Fuels Frustration and Insecurity

    Ticket Racketeering by Nigerian Railway Officials and Security Personnel Fuels Frustration and Insecurity

    At Itakpe-Uvjewu route, travelers do not need tickets to get on the train, as security personnel and NRC crew members are prepared to take them through the bush and back doors.

    Some security personnel and officials of the Nigerian Railway Corporation (NRC) have subjected Nigerians to untold frustrations and heightened insecurity through ticket racketeering on Warri-Itakpe and Abuja-Kaduna trains. 

    Nigeria’s railway modernisation project seeks to upgrade the country’s rail infrastructure by transitioning from the outdated narrow gauge system to the international standard gauge system. 

    This upgrade enables high-speed train operations, enhancing efficiency, safety, and connectivity across the railway network.

    Abuja-Kaduna is a 186km line with standard gauge railway tracks from Idu, near Abuja, to Kaduna in the north-western region of Nigeria. It has nine stations and features both passenger and cargo trains.

    The passenger trains on the line can be operated at a speed of between 200km/h and 250km/h while each passenger train can carry up to 5,000 commuters.

    The Federal Executive Council (FEC) approved the sum of N1.1 billion ($6.6 million) in October 2014, for the procurement of two locomotives for the Abuja- Kaduna standard-gauge rail lines.

    The construction of the Abuja-Kaduna rail line was started in February 2011 and completed in December 2014 with China’s support. Then President Muhammadu Buhari officially inaugurated the line for commercial services in July 2016.

    While the Ujevwu–Itakpe Railway is a standard gauge railway that connects the port city of Warri to the inland town of Itakpe. Its construction began in 1987 on an industrial railway to supply the Ajaokuta Steel Mill with iron ore and coal. After a protracted construction period of more than 30 years, the railway was finally inaugurated in 2020 as a mixed freight and passenger line. 

    The Warri-Itakpe station, connecting Kogi, Edo and Delta states, has 12 stations inclusive of the start and terminus; Ujevwu, Agbarho, Okpara, Abraka, Agbor, Igbanke, Ekehen, Uromi, Agenebode, Itogbo, Ajaokuta and Itakpe. The train runs a trip daily from Ujevwu to Itakpe and returns on the same day.

    To complement the initiative, the NRC successfully installed electronic digital passenger screening point and notification sign across the railway stations. 

    Identified as the first of its kind with a unique design technology worldwide, the ASNL TB 100/100 has the capacity to scan through luggage at same speed, process and break down all contents packed at the fastest advanced inbuilt technology.

    These scanners also have inbuilt display detection system for safety and suspected dangerous substance.

    Also, its high-speed detection system is at five seconds per luggage with video image CT of detecting objects for analysing and tracing, assisted by an easy wheel for movement with programmed lock for and against vandals.

    With this development, it is supposed to be safe to say the authorities in the transportation ministry have made the safety of Nigerians in the railway system important to the government. But while it’s working well along Abuja-Kaduna route, it is not so at Warri-Itakpe. It was not put to use when our correspondent used the train. 

    Booking Of Tickets

    Passengers at Itakpe Station  

    Picture: Ojo Gbenga Nicholas 

    There are two classes of tickets – standard and business. For Abuja-Kaduna, the standard ticket costs N3,600 while the business class ticket costs N9,000. For Warri-Itakpe, Standard costs N5,000 while business class costs N9, 000. In the standard coach, there are 88 seats while in the business class, there are 56. Via the online platform, you can choose the seat you want based on availability.

    Security Personnel And NRC Crew Smuggled Passengers Into Train At Uvjewu – Itakpe

    At Itakpe-Uvjewu route, travelers do not need tickets to get on the train, as security personnel and NRC crew members are prepared to take them through the bush and back doors. 

    “Where are you going to? Let me take you through,” said one of the policemen who approached our correspondent when he arrived at Uvjewu station at about 6:50 am on the day of the trip.

    So many passengers had queued behind the ticket booth struggling to book manually. Many of the passengers were heading to Abuja because it’s an easier and less stressful way to connect to the Federal Capital Territory than going by road.

    Since, I didn’t book online, my only option was to book manually, so I followed the lead of the policemen who approached me.

    I was expecting the policeman to lead me to the ticket booth, but was shocked when he told me that it would cost me N5,000 and demanded the money. After collecting the money, he asked me and another passenger to follow him. 

    Security personnel taking passengers through the bushinto the train.                  Picture: Ojo Gbenga Nicholas

     I looked around and saw other policemen and cabin crew members talking to different passengers while the policeman took us into the train through back, without any security check. 

    The policeman put us in Coach six of the train, gave us seats and told us that if the owner of the seats showed up, we should simply move to any other empty seats. Theother passenger got angry.

    “What do you mean, sir? Does it mean, I don’t have of my own seat after paying 5k (N5000)?” he asked. 

    I later discovered that every ticket has a seat number. At this point, I started observing the activities of the other police personnel and the cabin crew members on the train. 

    I checked other coaches and discovered that they were busy doing the same thing. 

    The journey went on smoothly until conductors (train managers) came to ask for my ticket. The police officer popularly known as Yellow told the conductor, “They are with me.” 

    Then I realized that some of other passengers on the couch also did not have to show their tickets.

    When the owners of the seats came in when we got to Agbor, we stood up and remained standing from that point till we got to Ajaokuta. At a point, the other passengerwith me sat on the floor.

    During the trip I noticed that a lady on my coach was not happy. When I asked her what the problem was, she said, “I can’t imagine that this is happening to me. I was deceived. This is my first time here and I thought the security man who approached me wanted to help me to get a ticket. 

    “He asked me to follow him which I did, He collectedN5000 from me for the ticket but left me stranded here. Imagine him telling me that the owner of the seat can come anytime, which means I’m not the rightful owner of the seat after paying the complete money for the trip.”

    Security officers approaching travellers

    Pictures: Ojo Gbenga Nicholas 

    Another passenger who also shared his experience with SaharaReporters said, “On Wednesday, August 28, around 6:21 am, I arrived at Itakpe train station. Immediately I got there, a man walked up to me and welcomed me in a very friendly manner to the station.“First, he told me I arrived late and that the train had been completely booked except if I wanted to stand on the train. He, however, added that I shouldn’t be worried because he would get me a comfortable seat. He said once the train is ready to move, he will do the needful.

    “So, I sat down to wait just as he said, but a man beside me asked if I trusted him. He asked, ‘What if he wants to extort you?’

    “So, I quickly rushed to the booking office to book a ticket for myself. On getting there, they requested for my details and I provided them. When it was time for me to make payment, they said I could not pay cash and that I could only use a POS system.

    “I opted to pay via my bank app but they said no. So, I gave them my ATM card but it was to no avail. None of the POS machines provided was working.

    “After some time, one of the workers told me he had a ticket for sale if I was interested and that there wasnothing anyone could do about the situation.

    “Out of curiosity and fear of being left out, I accepted to buy the ticket from him. He told me that someone actually booked the ticket, but the person was no longer taking the trip. So he gave me a ticket belonging to one Otemu Paul. 

     “Later on, around 7:23 pm, I saw some of the security officers attached to the train alongside some of the train officials running after passengers and ushering them into the train.

    “I became more curious and decided to know what was going on, only to discover that they were selling duplicate tickets to passengers at the same amount used in booking a seat on the train, and pocketing the money.

    “As the journey began, lots of complications arose in the train because many passengers onboard started fighting over seats. The whole place was crowded so most of us had to stand.”

    “The system is extremely corrupt; I’m calling on the relevant agency through to do the needful by bringing sanity to the system. We can’t continue like this. The Nigerian rail system needs to be overhauled,” he added. 

    Quick Business For NRC Officials At Itakpe

    Different tickets sold at different stations

    When I got to Itakpe, on my way back to Warri, I approached the ticket stand myself just to avoid what happened at Ujevwu station, where the ticket vendor told me that there were no more tickets. He said the only available tickets were for those who didn’t mind standing. 

    I was thinking of a way out when he said he had one for sale for N7,000 instead of N5000. Since I was not ready to stand, I paid the money. He gave me a ticket with Samuel Ibrahim on it. 

    While sitting down, waiting for the train to arrive, many crew members approached me for the same kind of ticket at 7,000. 

    “Have you gotten your ticket? I have a ticket for N7,000,”a civil defence officer said. 

    When I observed closely, I discovered that tickets were been hawked around the station by crew members and security operatives. 

    When I entered the train and sat down, I realised that many passengers had a similar experience me while thosewho paid for standing tickets did not have uniform tickets. Agbarho station tickets were different from Agbor’s while tickets from Agbor station were different from those of Abraka station. 

     Black Market Tickets For Abuja-Kaduna Trip

    It took me three days to book my ticket online from Kubwa to Rigasa. After I tried booking for two days without success, I approached the booking department at Kubwa station to make a complaint. The workers there said I can only book between 12am and 12:30am, 24 hours before the trip. One of them said sometimes the train gets fully booked within five minutes of opening the portal. So I wondered how a train with at least 10 coachesthat can accommodate 88 passengers be fully booked in five minutes of opening the portal around midnight.

    I went back home and stayed awake till midnight as he advised. I was on it till around 12:15am when I was finally able to successful book a seat. I also observed that the morning section of the train which was scheduled for 10:30am was fully booked as at 12:28 am. 

    The afternoon trip scheduled for 1:30 pm was fully booked around 1.30 am.A week observation revealed thatthere usually traffic when booking a seat for the Abuja to Kaduna trip on Fridays, or when booking for the Kaduna to Abuja trip on Sundays. 

    I arrived at Kubwa station around 10am for the journey scheduled for 10:30am. I looked out for people selling tickets around the station but couldn’t find anyone as everyone appeared to be careful so as not to talk to the wrong person. 

    Many people who couldn’t book their tickets online were seen stranded and complaining bitterly around the station. 

    However, on the train, I initiated a conversation on how difficult it was for me to book a ticket and was shocked to see many people sharing their experiences on what they also went through, while some explained that they bought their tickets from black market. 

    On my way back to Abuja from Kaduna, I decided to patronise the said black market. I called the number of the agents’ numbers I collected from a passenger on the train. 

    “Hello, please my name is Gbenga; I’m in Kaduna right now and I need a ticket to take me back to Abuja,” I said. 

    “There is no ticket again except you want me to get it for you at the black market,” he replied.

    “Black market?” I queried, and he said, “Yes.” I told him to help me out and said, “It’s N6,000.”

    I told him it is no problem. An hour later, he sent his account details where I paid in N6000. Few hours later, I received the ticket with a different name and details. 

    He told me he will need to introduce me to the person who will take me in because the security operatives may deny me entrance since it is not my name that is on the ticket. 

    I met him on the scheduled day at Rigasa station; he was with two other people (a man and a woman). He handed us over to a young man who took us to a middle-aged man at the station. The man took us to another person – a security officer – at the entrance of the station. The man insisted that we must pay N2000 each before he would allow us to go in. 

    “No problem, sir, can I transfer the money,” I said. But the man declined, saying, “No, I don’t accept transfer, see POS there.”

    Just two of us were able to pay, while the woman said she didn’t have money to pay. The man then took us in and abandoned the lady outside the station. In total, we paid N8000 each for tickets that should cost N3600. 

     NRC Quarterly Report Does Not Tally With Website Information

    In a recent report, Nigerian Railway Corporation said it witnessed a growth in revenue collected as of the second quarter of 2024 but saw a decline in goods transported within the period.

    This is according to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics.

    The report shows that in the second quarter of 2024, a total of 689,263 passengers travelled via rail system compared to 675,293 recorded in the first quarter of the year.

    The NRC also made a total revenue of N1.69 billion from passengers in the first quarter. This represents an increase from the N1.42 billion recorded in the first quarter of the year.

    The volume of goods/cargo transported via rail in Q2 2024 stood at 143,759 tons compared to the 160,650 tons recorded in the first quarter of the year, which shows a fall.

    In the quarter under review, the NRC reported a volume of goods/cargo transported via pipeline which stood at 5,940 tons, a fall from the 8000 tons recorded in the first quarter of the year.

    Similarly, N537.36 million was collected from goods/cargo conveyed via rail in Q2 2024, a fall from the N607,315 recorded in the first quarter of the year.

    However, estimated data obtained from NRC website by a security IT expert who analyzed it showed expected website traffic and the difficulty users are experiencing in securing train tickets.

     He explained that the website may not be the only source for purchasing tickets, which could explain why the overall numbers of tickets sold and visitors are not fully reflected in the website data. 

    The report reads in part, “Traffic Volume Discrepancy: The actual monthly visits (23,184) are significantly lower than your expectations. You’re expecting 30,000-75,000 visitors from Abuja alone in a month, which is much higher than the total monthly visits recorded. This suggests a substantial gap between expected and actual traffic.

    “User Behavior: The average visit duration of 2 minutes and 4 seconds is relatively short, indicating that users might not be spending much time navigating the site or attempting to purchase tickets.

    “Users view an average of 2.83 pages per visit, which is moderate but could suggest some exploration of the site.

    “The bounce rate of 42.86% is moderately high, indicating that many visitors leave after viewing only one page. This could be due to frustration with ticket availability or site usability issues.

    “Ticket Availability vs. Traffic: The quick sell-out you describe (10-20 minutes within 12am – 12:20am of each 24-hour sale period) suggests a high demand relative to supply. This doesn’t necessarily correlate with overall website traffic, as it could be caused by a small number of highly motivated buyers or automated systems.

    “Possible Explanations For The Discrepancy: Underreporting; the website analytics tools might not be capturing all traffic accurately, or there could be issues with data collection.

    “Seasonal Variation: The data covers August – September, which is a low season for travel in Nigeria. This could explain lower overall traffic.

    “Limited Ticket Supply: The number of available tickets might be much lower than the demand, causing quick sell-outs regardless of overall website traffic.

    “Concentrated Buying Times: Most users might be accessing the site simultaneously when tickets become available, creating a surge not reflected in overall traffic numbers.

    “Bot Activity: Automated systems might be purchasing tickets quickly, outpacing human buyers and potentially not being fully captured in analytics data.

    “Ticket Supply Manipulation: There’s a possibility that the actual ticket supply on the website doesn’t match the total number of seats available (2,000 seats from Abuja to Kaduna).

    “Multiple Purchase Channels: The website may not be the only source for purchasing tickets, which could explain why the overall number of tickets sold and visitors isn’t fully reflected in the website data. 

    Estimated data from NRC website

    Security Experts Speak

    Dr. Kabir Adamu, a security expert said the issues raised are just a tip of the iceberg, adding that there are other weaknesses in the security arrangements that show huge vulnerability associated with the rail transportation system.

     He said, “As someone who uses the train service, these issues are obvious, and they are just a tip of the iceberg. There are other weaknesses in the security arrangements that show huge vulnerability associated with our rail transportation system.

    “Security is deployed in layers, from physical security to this process or operational security which is the one you’ve mentioned and that’s one component of the operational security, ticketing. There are several other components, where if we start discussing them you will find out that there are huge vulnerabilities.

    “So, in summary, the security risk level associated with rail transportation in Nigeria is high. Any determined threat factor that wants to attack the rail system can exploit this vulnerability. The same way someone can go and bribe an official and obtain a ticket in the fraudulent manner that your investigation has shown, that is how a threat element ranging from terrorists to kidnappers to anyone who wants to sabotage the government given the critical nature of rail infrastructure, the person can also do that. 

    “And several other threat elements that exist in the country can exploit this vulnerability and achieve their aim.

    “The operation that you just identify is the ticketing aspect and ICT related. The platform has been manipulated and whoever is behind that manipulation is objective. 

    “So if a bad person wants to use that person and the person is fraudulent, if I want to access the location, the first thing I need is to identify fraudulent people. If do, I will know that their motivation is money. I can drop money for them and tell them to do whatever I want. It’s as simple as that.

    “There are so many areas that there are vulnerabilities. There are huge vulnerabilities within the rail system; some of them are operational, and other ones are typical security. Some are even appreciated by the management of the organization. 

    “There are layers of security. All security protocols should be able to detect the threat element, have the capacity to delay the threat elements, have the capacity to deny the threat elements if they decide to go ahead and then have the capability to respond even if they are delayed and still decide to go ahead. The security measures should be able to respond adequately. Then, of course, you review, and then you recover.”

    “So those six steps are what every security measure should have, and I can bet you, I doubt if there is one security measure within the rail system that covers all of these six that I have mentioned,” he added. 

    The Director-General, International Institute of Professional Security (IIPS), Dr. Tony Ofoyetan, said the NRC management “should be able to look inward and admit the fact that its staff members are making a mess of their internet platform for their own gain”. 

    He said, “If a group of terrorists wants to invade the train, all they need to do is just to buy tickets from our greedy brothers and sisters. It is possible for you to have that mass abduction that government is trying to avoid.”

    “So what do you do? You bring in external factor, IT professionals. Then let the platform be monitored in multiple places, that can also help to some extents. Apart from the fact that you should also have time to time check on the platforms. 

    “It’s even possible to concession that part of transaction to an IT firm. Let the firm become liable, it will shock you that things will change,” he said.

     NRC Reacts

    Meanwhile, Yakub Mahmood, NRC spokesperson, when contacted by SaharaReporters, said the matter will be investigated. 

    “Thank you for that privileged information, the management will investigate it,” he said.